From whistling arrows and trumpeting elephants to battle cries and eerie horns, ancient soldiers used sound to frighten and confuse their enemies
- Written by Adrienne Mayor, Research Scholar, Classics and History and Philosophy of Science, Stanford University
Three soldiers (far right) carry karnyxes, long horns with frightening boar-headed mouths that produce eerie calls during battle.Prisma/Universal Images Group via Getty ImagesAs if the tumultuous din of battle is not horrendous enough, over the ages humans have discovered plenty of ways to exploit sound in warfare. I found an astonishing variety...

